The end result of fifty years of Zionist politics was embodied in the recent resolution of the largest and most influential section of the World Zionist Organization. American Zionists from left to right adopted unanimously, at their last annual convention held in Atlantic City in October,1 1944, the demand for a “free and democratic Jewish commonwealth ... [2which]3 shall embrace the whole of4 Palestine, undivided and undiminished.” This is a turning-point in Zionist history; for it means that the Revisionist program, so long bitterly repudiated, has proved finally victorious5. The Atlantic City Resolution goes even a step further than the Biltmore Program (1942), in which the Jewish minority had granted minority rights to the Arab majority. This time the Arabs were simply not mentioned in the resolution, which obviously leaves them the choice between voluntary emigration or second-class citizenship. It seems to admit that only opportunist reasons had previously prevented the Zionist movement from stating its final aims. These aims now appear to be completely identical with those of the extremists as far as the future political constitution of Palestine is concerned.1 It is a deadly blow to those Jewish parties6 in Palestine itself that have tirelessly preached the necessity of an understanding between the Arab and the Jewish peoples. On the other hand, it will considerably strengthen the majority under the leadership of Ben-Gurion, which, through the pressure of many injustices in Palestine and the terrible catastrophes in Europe,7 have turned more than ever nationalistic.
Why “general” Zionists should still quarrel officially with Revisionists is hard to understand, unless it be that the former do not quite believe in the fulfillment1 of their demands but think it wise to demand the maximum as a base for future compromises, while the latter are serious, honest and intransigent in their nationalism. The general Zionists, furthermore, have set their hopes on the help of the Big Powers, while the Revisionists seem pretty much decided to take matters into their own hands. Foolish and unrealistic as this may be, it will bring to the Revisionists many new adherents from among the most honest and most idealistic elements of Jewry.
対照的に、ヘルツのレトリックはシオニストのプロジェクトをしばしば文明的な前哨基地として位置付けている。彼はユダヤ国家を「ヨーロッパがアジアに対抗するための防壁」と構想し、野蛮に対抗する文明の前哨基地であると述べた。ジャボティンスキーはさらに率直でした。彼のエッセイ『The Iron Wall』において、彼はシオニストの植民は先住民の意思に関係なく進行しなければならないと主張した。彼は、すべての先住民人口が、それを防ぐ希望の火花が残っている限り、植民地化に抵抗すると観察した。パレスチナのアラブ人も例外ではなく、その希望が続く限り抵抗し続けるでしょう。
アッシジのフランチェスコ(伊:Francesco d'Assisi、ラテン語:Franciscus Assisiensis、本名 ジョヴァンニ・ディ・ピエトロ・ディ・ベルナルドーネ Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone、1182年 - 1226年10月3日[1])は、フランシスコ会(フランチェスコ会)の創設者として知られるカトリック修道士。
^cf. André Devaux, “Simone Weil et François d’Assise” in Cahiers Simone Weil X-2 et 3, juin et septembre 1987. Simone Weil, Lettre à Déodat Roché, 1941, in Pensées sans ordre concernant l’amour de Dieu, Gallimard, coll. Espoir, 1962, p. 66.
^Attente de Dieu, Paris, Ed. du Vieux Colombier, 1950, p.43.
Christian Renoux, La prière pour la paix attribuée à saint François:une énigme à résoudre, collection《Présence de saint François》no 39, Paris, Éditions franciscaines, 2001. ISBN 2-85020-096-4
However, the real Francis of Assisi used a Tau cross, not an ordinary cross.
https://stfrncis.org/the-tau-cross/
Ezekiel 9:4, “Go through the city of Jerusalem and put a tau on the foreheads of those who grieve and lament over all the detestable things that are done in it.”
No modern translations contain the word “Tau”.
It is also widely accepted that he heard Pope Innocent III's exhortation drawn from the Prophet Ezekiel (9:4) in opening the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215: “We are called to reform our lives, to stand in the presence of God as righteous people. God will know us by the sign of the Tau, T, marked on our foreheads.”
Saint Francis liked this form of cross because he thought it looked like a monk with outstretched arms. I made the picture to the right in Photoshop to show you that there is a resemblence between the tau and the monks tunic.
Here are some different translations of the verse that the word “Tau” appears in:
Ezekiel 9:4, “We are called to reform our lives, to stand in the presence of God as righteous people. God will know us by the sign of the “Tau” marked on our foreheads.”
Ezekiel 9:4, “Go through the city of Jerusalem and put a tau on the foreheads of those who grieve and lament over all the detestable things that are done in it.”
However, the real Francis of Assisi used a Tau cross, not an ordinary cross.
I’m not sure I ever seen anything like what you are describing. I’m a Franciscan.
But it is worth pointing out that the Tau is not a cross, biblically speaking. It is a symbol for contrition of sin. It was a mark from God as seen in Ezekiel 9:4 and Job 31:35
https://biblehub.com/interlinear/ezekiel/9-4.htm
https://biblehub.com/interlinear/job/31-35.htm
In the Ancient Phoenician and old Hebrew languages the Tau was the last letter of the alphabet. From that ultimately standpoint it then carried a symbolic meaning to the Greek alphabet where it was the 19th letter. It still maintained the symbolism of life and eternal life.
There are echos of this Tau/mark in Revelation 7:4
St. Francis adopted this Tau as a mark he would trace in the capuche of the friars habits when they would go out to beg or preach peace.
It has often been identified as a cross but properly speaking it is not a cross.
No friar that I know would ever put Francis on a cross. That would indeed be wrong.
Perhaps the oldest pattern of the cross is called the “tau” cross – the cross that is associated with the Franciscan order. But did you know that it is most likely that the “tau” was the standard form of Roman crucifixion? The vertical member was already mounted at the place of execution. The horizontal member was carried by the victim from the place of judgment to that of their execution.
The name “tau” was associated with the cross because of its shape and because “tau” is the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet already in use symbolically in the Old Testament. It was already spoken of in the Book of Ezekiel: “The Lord said to him, ‘Go through the city, through Jerusalem, and put a mark upon the foreheads of the men who sigh and groan over the abominations… (Ez. 9:4). The Tau was the sign placed upon the foreheads of the poor of Israel, as a sign they were to be saved.